Home » Tooth sensitivity
Protected Smiles: Enjoy Your Holidays Carefree

Protected Smiles: Enjoy Your Holidays Carefree

At last, the most anticipated time of the year has arrived: the days grow longer, the temperatures rise… and with the final day of school, our children welcome the start of summer vacation.

After months spent bent over books or following their teachers’ guidance, the long‑awaited freedom of summer is a moment of pure joy for the little ones. Ahead of them stretch endless weeks filled with play, exploration, and family holidays.

This slower pace naturally brings a more relaxed attitude toward rules. Bedtimes get later, ice cream becomes a more frequent treat – and teeth can feel the effects.

The daily routine gives way to the pleasant novelty of a week at the beach, a mountain retreat, or a visit to a city of art or a European capital. Nothing quite like a trip — with all its excitement and new experiences — can positively turn our children’s world upside down. It is up to us as parents to guide them in maintaining healthy smiles even when we set off towards our summer holiday destination. Let us never forget: younger teeth need a little extra care!

Good Habits Don’t Take a Holiday

The schedule may be packed, and the inclination to enforce the rules may wane now that we can finally relax — but maintaining the oral hygiene routine we have taught our children to follow at home is the first step towards keeping their teeth healthy on holiday too. Encouraging younger ones to adopt a healthy habit may take weeks of effort, but just one week of laziness can undo all the progress made. The number one rule for every parent, therefore, must be to set the tone for the holiday with consistency: whether we are at the beach or in the mountains, after every meal — everyone brushes their teeth!

A Suitcase… Holiday-Proof Smile Guaranteed

Swimsuit or hiking boots? Packed. Sun cream? Packed. But in our children’s luggage, we must also make sure to leave room for an oral hygiene kit. Pay particular attention to the toothbrush: make sure to use a perforated plastic toothbrush cover. Ventilation allows the bristles to stay dry, limiting bacterial growth.

The kit must also include the other essential elements for keeping teeth in top condition: toothpaste, dental floss, mouthwash, and saliva substitute sprays. On holiday, it is common to eat out or snack during a walk without having the immediate opportunity to brush, as we have taught our children to do. To deal with these pleasant predicaments, it can be very useful to carry a saliva substitute — it allows oral pH to be buffered after eating, limiting the proliferation of the bacteria that cause cavities and buying us the time we need to reach a toothbrush.

If we prefer to travel light — whether due to airline restrictions or because we have an on-the-go holiday planned — it is useful to choose oral hygiene products in travel-sized packaging, or to decant the desired amount into reusable containers.

A Healthy Diet

The summer holidays are the perfect time to indulge in a few treats. Whether it is an ice cream snack after a day at the beach or a slice of cake at a mountain lodge, our children are never more exposed to continuous temptations than when we are on holiday.
Limiting sugar intake is always rule number one for keeping teeth healthy. A little indulgence is fine, but whenever possible we should encourage kids to choose healthier options, such as fresh fruit snacks.

Hydration First and Foremost

It is the fundamental rule for staying healthy, but in the heat of the summer months it becomes even more important not to forget to stay adequately hydrated. Dehydration also affects oral health, causing a reduction in saliva production and therefore a greater susceptibility of the mouth to attack by harmful microorganisms.

Long train or plane journeys to reach holiday destinations can tempt our children to quench their thirst with less suitable drinks: it is always better to avoid consuming sweet and carbonated beverages, which are often acidic and consistently harmful to dental health.

Finally, on a sunny afternoon the temptation to quench one’s thirst with an ice-cold drink is irresistible. Ice, however, is no friend to teeth — it can damage enamel and cause painful reactions in those who are particularly sensitive. Using a straw helps limit this type of damage, although it is always preferable to consume beverages that are not excessively cold.

A Dental Check‑Up Before You Go

The weeks before departure are the ideal time for a dental check-up: let us suggest to our children that they schedule their periodic visit shortly before the holiday, so that they can head into their well-deserved days of rest with teeth and gums in top condition. Nobody wants to risk a cavity on the beach, after all!

Swimming, Chlorine, and Tooth Erosion: How to Protect Your Enamel

Swimming, Chlorine, and Tooth Erosion: How to Protect Your Enamel

Swimming is a well-rounded, healthy sport suitable for all ages. However, people who swim frequently may expose their teeth and mouth to specific conditions: chlorinated water, changes in pH, mouth breathing, dehydration, and frequent consumption of sports drinks can affect the balance of the mouth.

For this reason, especially among regular or competitive swimmers, it is important to pay attention not only to athletic performance but also to the health of tooth enamel.

Why can swimming contribute to tooth erosion?

Dental erosion is the progressive loss of tooth surface caused by acidic substances of nonbacterial origin. Unlike tooth decay, it is not directly caused by bacterial action, butby frequent exposure of the enamel to acidic environments.

For swimmers, the risk may increase when the pool water is not properly balanced or when exposure is very prolonged. A properly maintained pool has a controlled pH, but when this balance is disrupted, the environment can become more corrosive to tooth enamel.

The problem may be more significant for swimmers who spend many hours in the water each week, because contact between the pool water and the surfaces of their teeth is more frequent and continuous.

Competitive and recreational swimmers: Does the risk change?

Yes. An amateur swimmer who visits the pool occasionally generally has limited exposure. The situation is different for those who train several times a week or swim at a competitive level.

Long workouts, heavy breathing, frequently keeping the mouth open, repeated exposure to chlorinated water, and possible dehydration can reduce saliva’s natural protective role. In fact, saliva helps neutralize acids and restore the oral pH to a balanced state.

However, whenexposure to acids is frequent or prolonged, the mouth may have a harder time quickly restoring its natural balance.

Signs You Shouldn't Underestimate

Tooth erosion can begin without any noticeable symptoms. Often, the problem isn’t noticed until more obvious symptoms appear.

Some of the signs to watch for include:

  • increased sensitivity to cold, heat, or acidic foods
  • teeth that look duller or less smooth
  • rough texture
  • stains or discoloration of the enamel
  • Discomfort after frequent swimming workouts

If you experience persistent sensitivity or notice visible changes in your enamel, it is always advisable to consult your dentist or dental hygienist.

What to Do to Protect Your Teeth After Swimming

The first rule is not to brush your teeth immediately after exposure to acid. When the enamel is temporarily more vulnerable, brushing right away can be too harsh.

It’s better to adopt a gentler routine:

1. Rinse your mouth with water after your workout
2. Drink water to promote hydration and saliva production
3. Wait before brushing your teeth
4. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush
5. Limit acidic or sugary sports drinks, especially during frequent workouts
6. See your dentist for regular checkups, especially if you participate in competitive swimming

Brushing your teeth thoroughly before your workout can also be helpful, as it reduces food particles and plaque before you get in the pool.

The Role of Oral pH

Oral pH is one of the key factors in oral health. After consuming foods, sugary drinks, sports drinks, or being exposed to acidic environments, the pH can drop, making the enamel more susceptible to demineralization and erosion.

Under normal conditions, saliva helps restore balance in the mouth. However, during intense physical activity, saliva production may decrease due to dehydration and mouth breathing.

For this reason, people who swim frequently may need a practical solution to help maintain their oral pH balance throughout the day and after a workout.

Cariex®: A Simple Step for Swimmers' Smiles

Cariex® is a daily dental spray formulated with baking soda, xylitol, and hyaluronic acid, designed to help maintain oral pH balance during times when the mouth is most exposed to acidity.

For swimmers , it can be a practical aid to incorporate into their daily routine, especially after workouts, when drinking sports drinks, eating snacks, or when it’s not possible to brush their teeth right away.

Its formula helps support oral health and contributes to creating a more balanced environment, which is beneficial for the daily protection of tooth enamel and for preventing factors that can lead to tooth erosion, demineralization, and the risk of cavities.

Read the in-depth article and the full research report.

Cariex® — A daily routine to protect the balance of your smile.

Buy it at a pharmacy or online

Sensitive Teeth? Causes, Symptoms, and Remedies

Sensitive Teeth? Causes, Symptoms, and Remedies

Dentinal Hypersensitivity is the unpleasant or painful sensation caused by cold and acidic stimuli, resulting from exposed dentine. Dentine is the porous portion of the tooth, rich in microscopic tubules containing nerve fibres, and is protected by the enamel. When enamel protection is lost, or the gums recede, the exposed dentine becomes sensitive, responding with a sharp pain to stimuli of various kinds: thermal, chemical, tactile, or osmotic. Furthermore, as dentine is less resistant than enamel, teeth become significantly more susceptible to cavities.

The Causes of Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Dentinal Hypersensitivity is a form of “useful pain” — a symptom detector and early warning signal; at the first signs, it is essential to consult your dentist without delay. It is important to establish whether the cause of the sensitivity is attributable to enamel loss (through acid erosion or mechanical abrasion) or to a process of gum recession (periodontitis). Diagnosis is essential not only to determine the correct treatment, but above all to prevent more serious and irreversible conditions.

One of the primary treatments for eliminating Dentinal Hypersensitivity involves “sealing” — with specific products — those microscopic tubules that transmit stimuli to the nerve fibres. However, it is equally essential to control and contain oral acidity, avoiding acidic foods and beverages such as fruit juices, wine, coffee, and carbonated drinks, which are capable of lowering the pain threshold and making dental sensitivity more acute.

Dentinal Hypersensitivity: Remedies

Clinical experience has demonstrated that Cariex® is capable of significantly reducing pain symptoms. Daily use is recommended — not only immediately after the consumption of food or beverages, but also throughout the day between meals and at night before bedtime. Cariex® is in fact capable of inhibiting the effects of external acidic stimuli; by maintaining oral pH at a neutral level, it prevents demineralisation of the exposed dentine, making the therapy prescribed by the dentist and/or dental hygienist considerably more effective and faster-acting.

Oral Hygiene Across the Ages

Oral Hygiene Across the Ages

We are often presented with numerous recommendations regarding a balanced diet suited to different stages of life, yet it is rarely discussed how to adjust one’s Diet to support proper Oral Hygiene at various points throughout life.

0–5 YEARS – EARLY CHILDHOOD
For infants, a gauze pad is essential. Even in very young babies, the bacteria responsible for plaque formation develop and proliferate due to residues of milk or baby food. After each feeding, it is advisable to gently wipe the baby’s gums with a gauze pad dampened with water.
In early infancy (0–2 years), it is recommended to avoid juices or sugary drinks from a bottle, particularly during the night, and to introduce children to toothbrushing from the very beginning.
In the later toddler years (2–5 years), it is important not to overindulge children with sweets, snacks, and sugary beverages, in order to prevent the premature loss of milk teeth — which can lead to misalignment of the permanent teeth as they grow.

6–18 YEARS – ADOLESCENCE
As children grow and become more independent in their eating habits, it is important to guide them towards limiting between-meal snacks and maintaining proper oral hygiene — particularly for those wearing orthodontic appliances. Especially during the teenage years, it is advisable to limit the consumption of carbonated drinks, which are a leading cause of dental erosion and cavities.

18–65 YEARS – ADULTHOOD
In adulthood, people tend to be considerably more aware of the principles of good oral hygiene, yet hectic lifestyles and eating away from home often take over. Avoiding frequent snacking, highly acidic foods, and brushing regularly are undoubtedly among the key principles of a sound oral diet — essential for preventing many of the most common dental conditions and premature ageing of the teeth.

OVER 65 YEARS – OLDER ADULTHOOD
At this stage, the oral cavity reflects the cumulative effects of all the conditions developed throughout one’s lifetime. Older individuals may have more sensitive gums, have lost some teeth, and experience reduced salivation — making it all the more important to adapt one’s oral diet to their specific condition and to undergo more frequent dental check-ups.

Cariex® dental spray, which controls oral pH, is suitable for every age: in early childhood to counteract oral thrush and facilitate oral hygiene in young ones; in adolescence for between-meal snacks and those wearing orthodontic appliances; in adulthood to prevent cavities and erosion and maintain a youthful smile; and in older adults to relieve the symptoms of xerostomia and gum-related issues. Cariex® is always particularly recommended when brushing is not possible and before bedtime.

Oral Hygiene on Holiday?

Oral Hygiene on Holiday?

Holidays are approaching, and with them, our usual oral hygiene routine often takes a little break.

Unfortunately, hot weather and prolonged sun exposure can contribute to bothersome inflammation, often causing sudden toothaches and sore gums. It’s important to stay vigilant, even when you’re far from home.

With the increasing consumption of cold and/or particularly sugary beverages, the risk of Cavities, Dental Erosion, and Sensitivity also grows exponentially.

Frequent snacks or drinks between meals don’t help either, as they constantly lower the pH in the mouth, leaving teeth exposed to prolonged demineralization and more vulnerable to acid attacks that cause erosion.

During long flights, when tap water is often unavailable, even brushing your teeth may be impossible.

In all of these cases, Cariex® will be your most trusted companion. A few sprays after eating immediately raise pH, preventing Cavities, Erosion, and Dentinal Hypersensitivity, while leaving you with a pleasant sensation of freshness.

Ask for It at Your Pharmacy and Pack It in Your Suitcase!

Swimmers and Dental Erosion: How to Protect Your Teeth

Swimmers and Dental Erosion: How to Protect Your Teeth

We’re always told that permanent teeth are meant to last a lifetime, so it’s only right that we take the best possible care of them. This is made possible by adopting a healthy, balanced lifestyle. However, there are situations in which this delicate balance is disrupted.

In this brief literature review, we examinedental erosion— that is, the progressive loss of tooth surface caused by a nonbacterial acid source— in swimmers.

Dental Erosion: Triggering Causes

The underlying cause lies inthe excessive acidity of the environment: for erosion to occur, the pH of the solution must be below 5.5 for enamel and below 6.0 for dentin.

This situation arises when the source of acidity is intrinsic (such as gastroesophageal reflux and episodes of vomiting) or extrinsic (caused by medications and dietary supplements). In addition to these two categories, we must also include those who may be or are exposed to acidic environments for professional reasons, such as swimmers.

It is worth noting that according to the latest WHO guidelines from 2006, the pH of swimming pool water using chlorine-based disinfectants should be maintained between 7.2 and 7.8, well above the 5.5 threshold mentioned earlier.

Not all swimmers or pools are under the same conditions, and ideally, swimmers should be in perfect dental health. Oral diseases negatively impact quality of life and can reduce performance during training and competition, causing pain, anxiety, lack of focus, and ultimately suboptimal results.

Dental Erosion: Professional vs. Amateur Swimmers

A further important distinction is between professional and amateur swimmers: competitive swimmers — those training for longer hours in the water — have shown a higher incidence of dental trauma and staining compared to non-competitive swimmers. This may be attributed to the chemical substances used to disinfect pool water and the time spent in swimming pools: physical exertion becomes sufficiently vigorous to allow contact between the water and dental surfaces. As a general rule, more than 6 hours of training per week are required to increase the risk of dental staining.

Some studies report cases where inconsistent pool pH control caused dental erosion – even severe cases within just two weeks. If this exposure is combined with the consumption of sports drinks, the risk of developing erosive lesions increases, although this remains debated in the literature.

The pathogenic mechanism of dental erosion is based on the dissociation of hydroxyapatite and the reduced mineralization of the dental hard tissue due to prolonged and frequent acid exposure.

In fact, our body neutralizes the effects of acid attacks by relying on the buffering capacity of saliva, which restores the proper pH in the oral cavity in approximately 30-40 minutes.

However, this ideal scenario is rarely reflected in daily sports practice, as exposure to the chemical agent can be prolonged, and salivary flow may also be reduced during intense physical exercise due to dehydration.

In fact, the likelihood of developing dental erosion was found to be 5.3 times higher among swimmers with more than three years of swimming experience.

The alarming aspect that warrants reflection is that over 80% of those surveyed did not consider their situation to be a cause for concern in terms of health, and therefore did not feel a dental visit was necessary. The only reason a swimmer visits the dentist for a check-up is due to problems of dentinal hypersensitivity caused by excessive erosion; this suggests that hypersensitivity may be a reliable indicator of dental erosion.

It is therefore the responsibility of the dental community — those tasked with monitoring the condition of the oral cavity — to proactively manage the onset of erosive lesions. The natural consequence of this is an effective approach to erosion management through screening for early signs of erosion and the assessment of all aetiological factors.
Dentists and dental hygienists must carefully evaluate the erosive potential of the various beverages and foods consumed by the patient, as well as exploring, through targeted questions, the patient’s sporting habits — which, as we have seen, are of fundamental importance.

How to Counteract Demineralisation and Dental Erosion

What alternatives do we have today?

First of all, the worst thing to do is to recommend brushing teeth immediately after swimming: this can be harmful because the tooth surface is softened by the acidic chlorine.

There are several alternatives, and as we’ll see, not all of them are practical in a competitive training setting.

The literature primarily suggests to take advantage of the remineralizing properties of milk and cheese as both contain higher concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions compared to saliva. A variation of this approach involves the use of fluoridated milk, which has been shown to provide protective effects against enamel erosion caused by low‑pH swimming pool water. Applying fluoridated milk both before and after erosive exposure yields the strongest protective benefits. Another option is fluoride itself, though its effectiveness against erosion remains somewhat controversial. Promising results have been observed only with high concentrations of fluoride found in varnishes and foams, rather than in everyday toothpastes.

Fluoride is well known for improving remineralisation and significantly reducing demineralisation in mildly acidic environments. Another alternative involves the adoption of solutions such as chewing gum containing bicarbonate, as it has been demonstrated that the combination of fluoride and bicarbonate considerably increases resistance to acids. However, it should be noted that excessive home use of bicarbonate can cause damage such as dental abrasion. The use of xylitol-containing chewing gum may also be considered: saliva stimulated by sugar-free gum has shown a remineralising action in erosive and abrasive processes. Finally, another useful practice is rinsing the oral cavity with water and sodium bicarbonate after each swimming session.

In conclusion, the use of a sodium bicarbonate spray such as Cariex® on the oral mucosa has proven to be above all the most practical and rapid solution; crucially, it allows for the control of the drop in salivary pH following carbohydrate consumption, contributing to the prevention of cavities and dental erosion.

The recommendation is to brush teeth thoroughly with a soft toothbrush before entering the water, spray Cariex® onto the oral mucosa and dental surfaces, and repeat the process every 40 minutes of training.

– Dr. Simone Bergomi –

For questions, please contact: simone.bergomi93@gmail.com

References

“Rinsing with antacid suspension reduces hydrochloric acid-induced erosion”
Maria do Socorro Coelho Alves, Taís Fonseca Mantilla, Enrico Coser Bridi, Roberta TarkanyBasting, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França, Flávia Lucisano Botelho Amaral, Cecilia Pedroso Turssi.

“The effect of swimming on oral health status: competitive versus non-competitive athletes”
Simonetta D’Ercole, Marco Tieri, Diego Martinelli, and Domenico Tripodi

“The Effect of Swimming on Oral Ecological Factors”
S. D’Ercole, D. Tripodi

“Prevalence of Dentinal Hypersensitivity and Dental Erosion among Competitive Swimmers, Kerala, India”
Arun Rao, Susan Thomas, Jishnu Krishna Kumar, and Vivek Narayan
Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer

“Saliva and dental erosion”
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, Angélicas Reis Hannas, Melissa Thiemi Kato

“The Status of Mineralized Dental Tissues in Young Competitive Swimmers”
Wojciech Kaczmarek

“Rapid General Dental Erosion by Gas-Chlorinated Swimming Pool Water. Review of the Literature and Case Report”
W Geurtsen

“The Effect of Bicarbonate/Fluoride Dentifrices on Human Plaque pH”
J C Blake-Haskins, A Gaffar, A R Volpe, J Bánóczy, Z Gintner, C Dombi

“The Erosive Effects of Saliva Following Chewing Gum on Enamel and Dentine: An Ex Vivo Study”
E M Paice, R W Vowles, N X West, S M Hooper

“Prevention of Erosive Tooth Wear: Targeting Nutritional and Patient-Related Risks Factors”
M A R Buzalaf, A C Magalhães, D Rios

“Consensus Report of the European Federation of Conservative Dentistry: Erosive Tooth Wear–Diagnosis and Management”
T S Carvalho, P Colon, C Ganss, M C Huysmans, A Lussi, N Schlueter, G Schmalz, R P Shellis, A B Tveit, A Wiegand

“Chapter 9: Acidic Beverages and Foods Associated With Dental Erosion and Erosive Tooth Wear
Thiago Saads Carvalho, Adrian Lussi

“Salivary pH After a Glucose Rinse: Effect of a New Mucoadhesive Spray (Cariex) Based on Sodium Bicarbonate and Xylitol”
G M Abbate, L Levrini, M P Caria

“Effects of tannin-fluoride and milk-fluoride mixture on human enamel erosion from inappropriately chlorinated pool water”
Sumalee Boonviriya, Sissada Tannukit, Suwanna Jitpukdeebodintra

“Rapid and Severe Tooth Erosion from Swimming in an Improperly Chlorinated Pool: Case Report”
Colin Dawes, BSc, BDS, PhD; Carey L. Boroditsky, DMD

“Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments – Swimming Pools and Similar Aquatic Environments” World Health Organization 2006 Edited by the SItI working group – Sports Sciences of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health

“Evidence for biofilm acid neutralization by baking soda”
Domenick T. Zero, DDS, MS ROLE